The Geels framework describes a way of working to achieve socio-technical transitions by using what is referred to as a Multi-Level Perspective. System change, according to Geels, must occur in three areas, and the first two are key to enabling the third:

1. Landscape: this includes the elements of the environment that keeps existing systems in place, such as tradition, mindsets, and culture.

2. Niche innovations: these are elements that can become part of a transformed system, but are not yet adopted into it.

3. Regime: this is the system as it exists, in the form of semi-coherent rules and processes. Through changes in the landscape and new innovations, there is pressure on the system to change.

The diagram below was developed by Geels, and Cabaj shared it with both the RFJS and A2JBC. 

The logic of the Geels Framework appealed to both Lowe and Morley, and it allowed them to communicate key aspects of the approach that they were striving to take. But, there was a need for an interactive approach and a powerful platform to help collaborators understand, track and communicate about the work.  

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